Prenosni merač zamućenja sa sečom - HI93703

Features at-a-glance

Single Beam Design - The HI93703 measures turbidity using a light detector at 90° for detection of scattered light. Turbidity measurements can be made in the 0.00 to 1000 FTU range.

ISO Compliant -  The HI93703 meets and exceeds the requirements of ISO 7027 method for turbidity measurements by use of an infrared LED light source. As this meter has been designed to follow this ISO method, the units are displayed in FTU (Formazine Turbidity Unit); FTU is equivalent to the other internationally recognized unit of NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Unit).

Calibration – The HI93703 has a powerful calibration function that compensates for variation in light intensity. The calibration can be done using the supplied calibration solutions or user-prepared standards. A two or three-point turbidity calibration can be performed by using the supplied (0, 10, and 500 FTU) standards.

AMCO AEPA-1 Primary Turbidity Standard - The AMCO AEPA-1 supplied standards are recognized as a primary standard by the USEPA. These non-toxic standards are made of styrene divinylbenzene polymer spheres that are uniform in size and density. The standards are reusable and stable with a long shelf life.

Last Calibration Date – The HI93703 allows the user to store the last calibration date. Recall of the last calibration date is simple with a press of the “DATE” button on the face of the meter.

Low Battery Indicator – A "LO BAT" indication will appear on the lower right corner of the display when the batteries are low and need to be replaced. At this point, the instrument can still perform approximately 50 measurements. When the battery is too low to perform reliable measurements, a message appears and the meter will automatically switch off.

Significance of Use

Turbidity is one of the most important parameters used to determine the quality of drinking water. Once considered as a mostly aesthetic characteristic of drinking water, signi˜ficant evidence exists that controlling turbidity is a competent safeguard against pathogens. In natural water, turbidity measurements are taken to gauge general water quality and its compatibility in applications involving aquatic organisms. The monitoring and treatment or wastewater was once solely based on the control of turbidity. Currently, the measurement of turbidity at the end of the wastewater treatment process is necessary to verify that the values are within regulatory standards.

Turbidity of water is an optical property that causes light to be scattered and absorbed, rather than transmitted. The scattering of light that passes through a liquid is primarily caused by the suspended solids present. The higher the turbidity, the greater the amount of scattered light. Even a very pure liquid will scatter light to a certain degree, as no solution will have zero turbidity.

The ISO standard for turbidity measurement uses infrared wavelength of light that is outside the visible spectrum. The primary benefit of the ISO method over the EPA method is the reduction of color interference. The EPA method uses a tungsten lamp that produces light that contains all of the visible wavelengths of light that we see as white. A solution that is colored will be adsorbed by a complementary wavelength of light which will affect the turbidity reading. Since the ISO method is outside the visible wavelength of light the color in the sample does not interfere with the measurement. The USEPA prefers the tungsten lamp since it provides for better accuracy at low ranges and drinking water should not be colored. The requirements of an optical turbidity meter for the measurement of diffuse radiation used in low range measurements (i.e. drinking water) expressed as formazin nephelometric units (FNU) according to ISO 7027:1999 are:

• Measurement of diffuse radiation for water with low turbidity (0 FNU to 40 FNU)
• The wavelength of the incident radiation shall be 860 nm.
• The spectral bandwidth of the incident radiation shall be less than or equal to 60 nm.
• There shall be no divergence from parallelism of the incident radiation and any convergence shall not exceed 1.5o.
• The measuring angle, theta, between the optical axis of the incident radiation and that of the diffused radiation shall be 90o ±2.5o.
• The aperture angle should be between 20o and 30o in the water sample.
• The HI93703 meets and exceeds the meter criteria specied by ISO 7027.